Multi-Layer Charcoal-Sand-Gravel Gravity Bio-Filter¶
BioSand & Media Filters • Est. CapEx: $20 USD • Lifespan: 1 Year (Consumable / Recurring)
Technical Overview¶
A classic appropriate-technology water filter made from a plastic bottle or container layered with gravel, multiple sand grades, and activated charcoal. Intended for emergency preparedness, camping, and homesteading to remove physical impurities and improve taste and odor.
Key Specifications & Engineering Parameters¶
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Category | BioSand & Media Filters |
| Capital Cost (CapEx) | $20 USD |
| Power / Energy | 100% Gravity / Zero Power |
| Target Scale | Household (5–10 people) |
| Standard Lifespan | 1 Year (Consumable / Recurring) |
| Technology Maturity | Commercially Available |
| Primary Mechanism | Contaminated water percolates downward by gravity through progressively finer media. Gravel and coarse sand provide mechanical straining of large and fine particulates, while activated charcoal adsorbs dissolved organic compounds, chlorine, and odors via its high-surface-area pore structure. |
Cross-Reference & Interactive Tools¶
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