DIY Multi-Layer Gravel-Sand-Charcoal Water Filter¶
BioSand & Media Filters • Est. CapEx: $30 USD • Lifespan: 1 Year (Consumable / Recurring)
Technical Overview¶
A simple, emergency-ready point-of-use filter built from household containers and locally sourced layered media. It targets sediment, organic chemicals, and unpleasant tastes in drinking water for off-grid households, farms, or disaster-relief contexts. A functional unit can be assembled for approximately $30 using basic tools.
Key Specifications & Engineering Parameters¶
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Category | BioSand & Media Filters |
| Capital Cost (CapEx) | $30 USD |
| Power / Energy | 100% Gravity / Zero Power |
| Target Scale | Household (5–10 people) |
| Standard Lifespan | 1 Year (Consumable / Recurring) |
| Technology Maturity | Field Tested |
| Primary Mechanism | Water flows by gravity through a vertical stack of progressively finer media: coarse gravel pre-filters large debris, fine sand physically traps suspended solids and reduces turbidity, and activated charcoal chemically adsorbs chlorine, volatile organic compounds, and odorants via its porous surface structure. The combined physical straining and adsorption mimics natural soil filtration processes. |
Cross-Reference & Interactive Tools¶
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