Solar Stills & Small-Scale Desalination¶

Principle: Sunlight passes through a sloped glass cover, evaporating saline water from a shallow black basin. Pure water condenses on the underside of the cool glass and drains into clean troughs.
Yield: Approximately 3 to 5 liters per square meter of basin area per sunny day.

Where available groundwater or surface water is brackish, highly saline, or contaminated with heavy metals (fluoride, arsenic), distillation provides pure water.